Vitamin D and integrated physiology: why the choice of supplement should start from the needs of the body
In the blog dedicated to lichen-derived vitamin D3, we analyzed how plant-derived cholecalciferol represents a particularly interesting source for nutritional supplementation, especially for people who follow a vegetarian or vegan diet or who wish to choose formulations free from animal sources.
Vitamin D does not act exclusively on bone metabolism. Its receptor, the Vitamin D Receptor or VDR, is expressed in numerous tissues and participates in the regulation of multiple physiological processes. Vitamin D contributes to the normal absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus, the maintenance of normal bones and teeth, normal muscle function, and normal immune system function.
This broad biological distribution helps to understand why the same apparent need, such as the desire to increase vitamin D intake, can be addressed through different formulations.
One person may primarily seek nutritional support for normal muscle and bone function. Another may be interested especially in vitamin D associated with plant lipids that contribute to the structure of cell membranes. Another may need to combine vitamin D with vitamin C, zinc, quercetin, and lactoferrin in a formulation aimed at supporting immune function and protecting against oxidative stress.
For this reason, the choice should not simply start from the question “how much vitamin D does the product contain?”, but from the analysis of the physiological and nutritional context in which the vitamin D is placed.
To learn more about the role of plant-derived cholecalciferol, you can read the article dedicated to Lichen-derived Vitamin D3: a plant source of cholecalciferol for the body's balance, available on the Moltitudo blog: Moltitudo Blog.
Moltitudo develops formulations aimed at selecting standardized active ingredients and reducing non-essential ingredients, prioritizing, when the formulation allows, raw materials and capsules of plant origin.
PRODUCT_ARTICLE
Dosage and choice of formulation
1. Bioalcalino D: when the main goal is to combine plant-derived vitamin D3 and functional lipids
Bioalcalino D is a liquid formulation that combines natural lichen-derived vitamin D3 with four plant oils: flaxseed oil, borage oil, evening primrose oil, and cumin oil.
The recommended daily dose is 1 gram, corresponding to approximately 1 ml per day, to be taken as is or diluted in water or another beverage.
The formulation provides per daily dose:
- Natural vitamin D3 from Cladonia rangiferina: 50 µg, equivalent to 2,000 IU;
- Flaxseed oil: 250 mg;
- Borage oil: 250 mg;
- Evening primrose oil: 250 mg;
- Cumin oil: 250 mg.
The lipid component provides a matrix containing omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 series fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and oleic acid.
The rationale for the choice
Bioalcalino D can be a consistent choice when the nutritional interest is primarily focused on the intake of plant-derived vitamin D3 in a lipid matrix.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, and the presence of lipids in the formulation represents an interesting technological and nutritional rationale for the intake of cholecalciferol.
Flaxseed oil provides alpha-linolenic acid, while borage and evening primrose oils are sources of gamma-linolenic acid. Polyunsaturated fatty acids participate in the structure of cell membranes and are precursors of numerous lipid mediators involved in cellular physiology.
The goal of the formulation is therefore not simply to increase vitamin D intake, but to integrate cholecalciferol into a nutritional system based on a matrix of plant oils.
For whom it may be particularly indicated
Bioalcalino D can be considered when you wish to:
- supplement with plant-derived vitamin D3;
- combine vitamin D with a matrix of plant oils;
- increase the nutritional intake of various fatty acids present in flax, borage, and evening primrose oils;
- choose a liquid formulation;
- follow a completely plant-based approach.
The presence of lichen-derived vitamin D3 makes the formulation consistent with a vegan choice.
2. Fisiodyn: when the priority is integrated support of the muscle-bone axis
Fisiodyn is a formulation developed with a rationale specifically aimed at the integrated physiology of the musculoskeletal system.
The recommended dose is one capsule twice a day, preferably in the morning with breakfast and in the evening with dinner.
The daily dose of two capsules provides:
- 200 mg of oleuropein, derived from Olea europaea L. leaf extract;
- 50 mg of polydatin, derived from Fallopia japonica;
- 25 µg of vitamin D3, equivalent to 500% of the NRV;
- 24 µg of vitamin K2, equivalent to 32% of the NRV.
The formulation uses plant capsules and is consistent with a vegan choice. The Moltitudo page describes Fisiodyn as a formulation developed within the research of the IICRA spin-off of the University of Camerino and aimed at the integrated muscle-bone system.
The biological rationale of Fisiodyn
Muscle and bone do not represent completely independent systems.
Muscle and bone tissues communicate through mechanical, metabolic, and molecular signals. Muscle contraction influences bone tissue through mechanical loading, while bone tissue in turn produces molecules that participate in communication with the muscle.
With age, the reduction of muscle mass and the loss of bone quality and density can proceed in parallel. This phenomenon has led to the development of the concept of osteosarcopenia, which considers muscle and bone fragility as interconnected components.
Fisiodyn was formulated to intervene nutritionally on this axis through the combination of oleuropein, polydatin, vitamin D3, and vitamin K2.
Oleuropein is one of the main phenolic compounds of the olive and is the subject of numerous experimental studies for its interactions with cellular defense systems, oxidative stress, and various signaling pathways involved in tissue homeostasis.
Polydatin is a natural resveratrol glycoside and is studied for its biological properties and interactions with redox and metabolic processes.
Particularly interesting is the study published in 2025 by Morelli and colleagues, which evaluated the oleuropein-polydatin combination in cellular models of muscle and bone tissue. The study highlighted biological effects of the combination on cellular metabolism processes and signaling linked to the vitamin D receptor, providing an experimental rationale for the formulation's integrated approach.
For whom it may be particularly indicated
Fisiodyn can be considered when the nutritional priority concerns:
- the maintenance of normal muscle function;
- the maintenance of normal bones;
- nutritional support of the musculoskeletal system over time;
- physical activity and physiological recovery;
- nutritional needs that increase with age;
- an integrated approach to the muscle-bone axis.
In this case, vitamin D3 does not constitute the only element of the formulation, but is part of a broader nutraceutical strategy, in which vitamin D3, vitamin K2, oleuropein, and polydatin are combined according to a rationale of biological complementarity.
3. Lattoquer-C: when vitamin D is included in a strategy for immune defenses and antioxidant protection
Lattoquer-C represents a different formulation compared to the previous ones because it combines vitamin D3 with nutrients and compounds biologically aimed especially at supporting immune function and protecting cells from oxidative stress.
The recommended dose is 2 capsules per day, preferably during or after one of the main meals.
The daily dose provides:
- Rosehip dry extract: 547.8 mg, corresponding to 383 mg of vitamin C;
- Lactoferrin: 200 mg;
- Quercetin: 100 mg;
- Zinc: 7 mg;
- Natural lichen-derived vitamin D3: 10 µg.
The formulation uses a vegetable capsule and the vitamin D3 is obtained from lichen. However, it is important to clarify that Lattoquer-C cannot be defined as a vegan product, because it contains milk-derived lactoferrin. The official Moltitudo page also specifies this characteristic of the formulation.
The rationale of the combination
Vitamin C contributes to the normal function of the immune system and the protection of cells from oxidative stress. It also contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
Zinc contributes to the normal function of the immune system and the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Vitamin D contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
The formulation therefore combines nutrients for which there are specific authorized claims related to immune function, placing them in a context that includes lactoferrin and quercetin.
Lactoferrin is a glycoprotein belonging to the transferrin family and is the subject of studies for its role in the physiology of innate immunity, iron binding, and the modulation of different biological processes.
Quercetin is a flavonoid widely studied for its biological activity. Experimental research has highlighted interactions with signaling pathways involved in the response to cellular stress and physiological inflammatory processes, including the NF-κB pathway.
The official Lattoquer-C page describes the formulation as a combination of rosehip vitamin C, lactoferrin, quercetin, zinc, and natural lichen-derived vitamin D3, with a dosage of two capsules per day.
For whom it may be particularly indicated
Lattoquer-C may be considered when the main need concerns:
- the normal functioning of the immune system;
- the combined contribution of vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc;
- nutritional support during periods characterized by greater physical or environmental stress;
- the protection of cells from oxidative stress;
- a formulation that combines nutrients, lactoferrin, and quercetin.
How to choose
The choice can be summarized by starting from the physiological priority.
Bioalcalino D may be the most consistent choice when the main goal is to supplement plant-based vitamin D3 in combination with a matrix of vegetable oils rich in different fatty acids.
Fisiodyn may be more appropriate when the priority is the integrated nutritional support of the musculoskeletal system, through the combination of vitamin D3, vitamin K2, oleuropein, and polydatin.
Lattoquer-C may be more oriented towards the needs of support of immune function and protection from oxidative stress, thanks to the combination of vitamin C, zinc, vitamin D3, lactoferrin, and quercetin.
They are therefore not interchangeable products. The presence of vitamin D represents a common element, but the formulation context profoundly changes the nutritional rationale.
An important note on the vegan choice
Among the formulations considered, Bioalcalino D, thanks to lichen-derived vitamin D3 and its composition based on vegetable oils, responds to a completely plant-based approach.
Fisiodyn, according to the provided composition, uses plant-based ingredients and vegetable capsules and is compatible with a vegan choice.
Lattoquer-C, although containing lichen-derived vitamin D3 and a vegetable capsule, contains milk-derived lactoferrin and therefore should not be considered vegan.
PLEASE NOTE
The information present in the product sheets on this site is exclusively for informational and educational purposes and does not represent a medical opinion. The published content is not intended to replace the relationship with a doctor or any medical indications, diagnoses, or prescriptions. The information provided describes the ingredients and characteristics of food supplements, designed as support for the balance and well-being of the body within a healthy lifestyle. Food supplements are not medicines and must not be used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or alleviate diseases or pathological conditions.
Bibliographic references
Morelli MB, Aguzzi C, Rascioni R, Mignini F. A Study of the Effects of Oleuropein and Polydatin Association on Muscle and Bone Metabolism. Biomolecules. 2025;15(5):628.
Carr AC, Maggini S. Vitamin C and Immune Function. Nutrients. 2017;9(11):1211.
Kruzel ML, Zimecki M, Actor JK. Lactoferrin in a Context of Immunity and Host Defense. Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2017.
Li Y, Yao J, Han C, et al. Quercetin, Inflammation and Immunity. Nutrients. 2016;8(3):167.
Boots AW, Haenen GRMM, Bast A. Health Effects of Quercetin: From Antioxidant to Nutraceutical. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2008;585(2-3):325-337.
Prasad AS. Zinc in Human Health: Effect of Zinc on Immune Cells. Molecular Medicine. 2008;14(5-6):353-357.
Holick MF. Vitamin D Deficiency. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;357:266-281.
Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, et al. Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):988.
EFSA NDA Panel. Dietary Reference Values for Vitamin D. EFSA Journal. 2016.
